What applies to municipal cameras?
Municipalities are not covered by the federal Data Protection Act but by the data protection law of their canton. Cameras at school grounds, works yards or recycling points need a legal basis: a regulation or application with an annex and a site plan, approved in Aargau by the cantonal data protection commissioner, in Zug by the municipal council, and in Zurich, Lucerne and Solothurn a regulation based on the cantonal template. Without it, the system may not operate. I put inventory and file in order before anyone asks.
Our cameras have been running for years without a regulation. What now?
That is more common than you would think, and it can be put right: an inventory of all systems, the coverage area of each camera on the cadastral map, a regulation based on your canton’s template, and the application. Do not wait: in 2025 the Aargau data protection authority had a municipality remove the cameras at its school grounds after 16 years of operation without approval. A complete file means no queries that drag out the procedure.
Private cameras point at the street or the village square. What can the municipality do?
The municipality is the first port of call when residents complain, and it can take its responsibility actively: write to the operator and point out the rules, inform those affected about their rights, mediate between neighbours before the case goes to the justice of the peace, and report persistent cases to the FDPIC. I prepare all of it: a fact sheet, template letters to operators and to those affected, a consultation session at the town hall. On request I check the coverage area on site and record it in an expert report.
Do the works yard, the recycling point or the school really need a regulation?
Yes, as soon as a camera covers publicly accessible space, and almost all of them do: forecourt, access road, playground. This applies to all organs of the municipality, from the administration to the school and the care home, and to third parties operating systems on the municipality’s behalf. Dummy cameras are no shortcut: they create the same pressure of surveillance and have already been removed in Aargau together with real cameras.
May we use cameras against littering and vandalism?
That is the most common purpose, and it is permissible if it is stated in the regulation and the surveillance remains proportionate: only the necessary perimeter, defined hours, short retention, regulated review and access. Anything beyond that will not hold up before the data protection authority. I plan position, angle and lens so that the camera sees exactly what the regulation allows, and draw it on the site plan.
What does it cost a municipality?
Municipal camera review from CHF 2,600, approval file from CHF 1,900, both together CHF 4,200; informing residents CHF 1,500, consultation session CHF 950; camera survey from CHF 2,900. The “from” prices apply to up to three sites and twelve cameras, or to municipalities of up to 2,000 residents; above that you receive a quote. A fixed price, known in advance, reliable.
We have an installer and the cantonal data protection office. Why you as well?
The installer supplies the technology; the data protection office says what the law requires. What is usually missing in between is the check whether what is mounted actually does what the regulation says: coverage area, night vision, retention, access. That is exactly what I do, independent of any manufacturer and on site, and I deliver the site plan with the coverage area drawn in, which the authority wants to see with the application.